“HASHEM said to Moses, saying ‘Now you, speak to the Children of Israel, saying: However, you must observe my Sabbaths, for it is a sign between Me and you for your generations, to know that I am HASHEM, Who makes you holy. You shall observe the Sabbath, for it is holy to you; its desecrators shall receive death upon death, for whoever does work on it, that soul shall be cut off from among its people. For six days work may be done and the seventh day is a day of complete rest, it is sacred to HASHEM; whoever does work on the Sabbath day shall be put to death.’” (Exodus 31:12-15)

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From this verse (and 11 others in the Torah) we learn that the punishment for violating Shabbat is extremely severe: death upon death, meaning death in this world and being cut off from the World to Come (Olam Haba). However, on the flip side, whoever keeps Shabbat will be blessed in both worlds, as the RAMBAM says: